29.03.2024

Archaeologists in Turkey believe they are digging up the original Santa Claus

What we know today as Santa Claus was originally Saint Nicholas, and he was traditionally celebrated on Dec. 6, the anniversary of his death.

Born in the village Petara in Asia Minor (now Turkey) in the late third century, Nicholas was known for his literal and spiritual generosity. He inherited great wealth but gave away his riches, joining the Christian church and becoming a bishop in the the city of Myra.

Santa isn’t just a myth made up for kids on Christmas. He did exist and he did give generous gifts, though not via chimneys on Dec. 25, as popular legend tells it. By this time next year, you may even be able to visit him in his original setting, say Turkish archaeologists.

In the year 343, Nicholas died and was buried under the local cathedral. A healing liquid, called manna, was said to form on his grave, and so-according to Catholic tradition-he was celebrated as a saint for the miracles he performed in life and death. Nicholas, the patron saint of children and sailors, offered protection and safe passage on travels, and was exceptionally popular.

Pilgrims came from far and wide to pray where he was buried, according to the Saint Nicholas Center. In 1087, merchants from Bari, Italy took the bones, making their city’s cathedral a popular pilgrimage site. People loved Nicholas and Dec. 6, the saint’s feast day, was celebrated with gifts for kids and acts of generosity.

After the Protestant Reformation of 1517 to 1648, the Catholic saint fell from grace, as it were, in Europe. In France and England, the generous gift-giver Nicholas became Pere Noel and Father Christmas, respectively. Meanwhile, a child symbolizing Christ-the Christkind in Germanic languagestook over Christmas in other countries.

Early Dutch settlers in the American colonies transformed Christkind into Kris Kringle, based on the legend of Saint Nicholas. That new mashup of the saint and Kris Kringle became Sinterklaas, and then eventually Santa Claus over the 18th century as settlers became American. The saint was celebrated under his original name, Nicholas, after 1823 publication of Clement Clarke Moore’s poem “A Visit from St. Nicholas”, or “T’was the Night before Christmas”, in England, describing the generous man delivering gifts with eight reindeer. Now Santa Claus, Saint Nicholas, and Father Christmas are considered one.

Archaeologists in Turkey say this Santa Claus is still with them in Demre, the city that was once Myra. In fact, there seems to be a whole temple intact and underneath the cathedral, and initial analyses with CT scans and geo-radar tools indicate that it contains the tomb of Saint Nicholas, they say.

Director of surveying and monuments for the Antalya district, Cemil Karabayram, told Turkey’s Hurriyet Daily News in October, “We studied all of the documents from between 1942 and 1966. There were some notes there. According to these notes, this church was demolished and rebuilt. During the reconstruction, traders in Bari took the bones. But it is said that these bones did not belong to Saint Nicholas but to another priest.”

Turkish art historian Yıldız Ötüken believes-based on her 20 years of studying the site and the saint’s tomb, and leading the research in Demre-that Nicholas was kept in a special section of the temple. Turkish officials added eight more archaeologists to the Demre temple dig late this year, hoping to confirm this.

It’s slow work. To get to the tomb, the archaeologists must individually remove each stone leading to the temple. The stones contain mosaics that must be preserved. But the researchers believe they’re close. Karabayram predicts, “The world’s eyes will be set on here. We claim that Saint Nicholas has been kept in this temple without any damage. We are at the last stage.”

By Christmas 2018, the mystery could be solved. Christians may travel to Turkey, now a Muslim country, making the pilgrimage of coreligionists past to the place where the beloved Saint Nicholas, aka Santa Claus, is buried.

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